Reserve meat, reserve masks and so on have recently appeared, see what goods the country hoarded for you?

Source: People's Daily Overseas Edition

Author: Qiu Haifeng, Gong Wenjing

 

On April 13, at the Xinkaihe Grain Reserve Depot in Tai'an County, Anshan City, Liaoning Province, two staff members unloaded the corn that had just been collected and stored. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yao Jianfeng

 

People's Daily overseas edition on May 7 news, "ribs 17 yuan a kilo, lean meat 10 yuan a kilo. Buy a piece of ribs only cost 32 yuan, much cheaper than other cold meat in the market!"

Wuhan citizen Shangqi bought the central reserve meat for the first time some time ago, "the whole cold chain distribution, scan the two-dimensional code, the origin and distribution information are out." Shangqi is satisfied with the reserve meat.

I bought reserve meat, ate reserve vegetables for the first time, and put on reserve masks ...... Since the outbreak of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, all kinds of reserve materials have entered the daily lives of ordinary people and played an important role at a critical moment. What materials does the country currently reserve? What is the standard of reserve? What are the shortcomings?

The reserve materials are complete-the reserves of grain, oil, vegetables and meat are sufficient, and medical materials, oil, natural gas and other important materials related to the national economy and people's livelihood are all in the reserve catalog

In Guangxi Beiliu City, all use supermarkets, the citizen Liu Guo bought the reserve meat, "I used to see the national reserve meat in the news, this time I really felt the benefits of the national reserve. Made into braised meat meat is very thick, I didn't expect the taste of the reserve meat is even much better than other pork on the market!" Up to now, the central reserve meat has been put into more than 300000 tons nationwide.

Along with the reserve meat, there are reserve dishes. A few days ago, at the vegetable basket parity outlets in Changxiu Community, Xiuying District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, reserve vegetables such as wax gourd, pumpkin, Chinese cabbage, sweet potato leaves, and Shanghai green have appeared on the shelves. "Recently, I have come here to buy vegetables. There are many varieties and the price is still affordable." Citizen Ms. Lin said.

According to the relevant person in charge of Haikou vegetable basket industry group, at present, Haikou vegetable basket group has more than 700 tons of vegetables in stock. In the future, it will increase the reserve and investment according to the situation to meet the daily needs of citizens.
"China has always attached great importance to strategic material reserves. During the epidemic prevention period, the supply of vegetables, meat and other supplies were stable without major fluctuations, thanks to a relatively complete strategic material reserve system." Zhang Zhaoan, vice president of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, told the author.

Compared to reserve vegetables, reserve meat, reserve grain in the epidemic prevention period less "appearance", but also caused a lot of concern.

Some time ago, the news that some countries restricted grain exports made many people "nervous" and began to hoard rice and noodles at home. Aunt Wei, who lives in Chaoyang District, Beijing, told me that she was one of them. "The epidemic situation abroad has worsened, and we have heard that some countries do not export food. We are worried that there will be a shortage of food, so we have stocked some rice noodles at home." But then she saw the news about the grain reserves, and Aunt Wei gave up the idea of hoarding grain: "Not to mention the grain grown in the land, that is, the state's reserves are enough for the people of the whole country to eat for a whole year. This grain bought too much and put aside at home is also prone to worms, it's really unnecessary."

Hu Glacier, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that China has attached great importance to grain reserves for many years. At present, a grain inventory system has been formed in which central reserves and local reserves operate in coordination, and government reserves and enterprise inventories complement each other. The total grain inventory is at a historical high. "Specifically, in 2019, my country's three major staple grains of wheat, corn, and rice have a balance of more than 0.28 billion tons."

"So far, no central grain reserves have been used. Except for a few cities and counties, most areas have not used local grain reserves." qin yuyun, director of the grain reserve department of the state grain and material reserve bureau, said the other day.

Experts pointed out that in addition to grain, oil, vegetables and meat, which are closely related to the daily life of ordinary people, there are many materials in the state reserve, such as medical masks, protective clothing, goggles and other medical materials, oil, natural gas, coal and other energy sources, as well as other important materials related to the national economy and people's livelihood.

Get it out and adjust it quickly-reserves should not only ensure strategic security, but also reduce material waste and improve efficiency.

"Strategic material reserves are very important, rather than ready, not available and unprepared." Zhang Zhaoan pointed out that after more than 60 years of development, my country's strategic materials not only have many varieties, but also have larger and larger reserves. In addition to responding to emergencies, strategic reserve materials also have a major role, such as regulating the supply and demand of domestic materials and stabilizing prices.

What materials to reserve? And how to grasp the scale?

"The selection of strategic material reserves mainly depends on factors such as domestic resource endowment, supply and demand, importance in the field of economic development and national defense security, and the availability of international materials." Zhang Zhaoan said that the scarcity of materials, the degree of dependence on foreign countries, the proportion of domestic reserves in the world, price fluctuations in the international market, and the political stability of major material suppliers will all have an impact on the strategic importance of materials. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the variety and scale of reserves in a timely manner according to the world situation and national strategic security needs.

Experts pointed out that at present, the category, scale, and structure of China's reserves still need to be improved. For example, at the beginning of the outbreak, there was a serious shortage of key health and epidemic prevention materials, including medical masks, protective clothing, goggles, and medical equipment, which exposed some long-standing deficiencies and systematic defects in China's emergency material support.

"We should not only get it, but also adjust it quickly and use it." Zhang Zhaoan said: at a critical moment, the rapid response capacity of the national strategic material reserve is very important, and the efficiency of allocation and distribution should keep up with it. It is necessary to ensure that materials can be quickly distributed locally under smooth logistics conditions. "There is a complete chain for the production, supervision, reserve, allocation and distribution of national strategic materials, and the transfer of materials should be considered as a whole."

While ensuring national strategic security, it is crucial to reduce material waste. Industry insiders pointed out that the national strategic material reserve should generally pay attention to the combination of reserve and turnover, through the multi-frequency rotation mechanism, to achieve material flow, value preservation and appreciation, and regular storage. For those with long shelf life, such as metal minerals, attention should be paid to the timing in the frequency of rotation. On the premise of not adversely affecting the market, the materials rotated out should generally be sold at a price higher than the purchase price; those with short shelf life, such as refined oil, should be rotated out during the shelf life to ensure that they do not deteriorate or waste.

"As far as grain is concerned, the purchasing capacity is relatively tight due to the high storage capacity in the main summer grain producing areas." Hu Glacier believes that it is necessary to speed up the digestion of inventory, increase the intensity of warehouse and warehouse, and increase grain storage facilities.

Improving the national reserve system-China will further improve the variety, scale and structure of emergency material reserves, and optimize production capacity guarantee and regional layout.

Recently, from the central to the local level, a series of policy measures to improve the national reserve system have been accelerated.

The 13th meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform held a few days ago pointed out that to improve the public health emergency material support capacity, it is necessary to strengthen top-level design and optimize departmental coordination, in accordance with centralized management, unified allocation, peacetime services, emergency response in disasters, integration of mining and storage, The requirements of saving and efficient, focusing on building a "trinity" material support system of medical prevention, material reserves, and capacity mobilization, improve the variety, scale and structure of emergency material reserves, we will innovate reserve methods, optimize production capacity guarantee and regional layout, improve the working mechanism of public health emergency material guarantee, and ensure that important emergency materials can be transferred and used at critical moments.

In the energy sector, the National Development and Reform Commission and other five departments have recently jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Natural Gas Reserve Capacity", which clearly will promote the construction of gas storage infrastructure and enhance the natural gas reserve capacity; promote independent operation and improve the price mechanism and other investment return Channels; increase policy support for land, fiscal and taxation, finance, and investment, and encourage enterprises to accelerate the shortcomings of gas storage infrastructure construction.

In terms of grain, the State Grain and material Reserve Bureau recently proposed to strengthen the safety management of reserves, optimize the scale structure of grain reserves, and increase the proportion of grain and oil reserves in small packages. Optimize the regional layout of reserves. Central reserves are mainly located in strategic locations, major grain producing areas, major transportation roads and areas with special needs. Local reserves are mainly located in large and medium-sized cities, areas prone to market fluctuations, areas with frequent disasters and areas with food shortages.

Various localities have also taken measures one after another: Hunan Province has proposed to strengthen the construction of strategic material reserve systems for grain, meat, edible oil, energy, medical care, cold protection and warmth; Sichuan Province will clearly focus on the development of emergency industries and build an emergency material guarantee system for the combination of peace and war; Hebei Province will further strengthen the construction of provincial-level prevention and control material reserves, and all cities should establish medical material reserves to enhance emergency support capabilities.

Huang Ming, secretary of the Party Committee of the Emergency Management Department, pointed out a few days ago that emergency supplies should be prepared. Focus on responding to the peak demand for emergency supplies such as the Wenchuan earthquake and the 1998 flood, and establish a sound and unified emergency supplies guarantee system.

"In the context of increasing global uncertainties, special attention should be paid to improving the national reserve system." Zhang Zhaoan said that information technology should be better used to plan the strategic material reserves of the entire country, improve the efficiency and level of reserve material management, and improve the level of dynamic management in the face of complex conditions.

In Hu Glacier's view, the management of strategic materials, especially like the country's grain reserves, still has regulatory weaknesses. From the perspective of improving management and responding to social concerns, it is necessary to further improve. "In terms of technology, for example, the current blockchain technology can avoid fraud and information tampering through a distributed bookkeeping mechanism. In the future, relevant technologies can be considered for application to the information management of the national repository."

"Reserve legislation should also be improved." Tang Juelan, a professor at the Party School of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, believes that for a long time, my country has mainly relied on policies rather than laws to adjust material reserves. So far, there is no special strategic material reserve law. It is necessary to establish and improve the national strategic material reserve laws and regulations as soon as possible, and make clear provisions on the management system, storage quantity, rotation cycle, fund guarantee, statistical report and other aspects of strategic material reserve, so as to make the national strategic material reserve have laws to follow and rules to follow, and at the same time facilitate supervision and inspection.